Physics Volume-1
Nature of Physical World and Measurement
- excitement generated by the discoveries in Physics
- an understanding of physical quantities of importance
- different system of units
- an understanding of errors and corrections in physics measurements
- the importance of significant figures
- usage of dimensions to check the homogeneity of physical quantities
Kinematics
- different types of motions (linear, rotational and oscillatory)
- the necessity for reference frames to explain the motion of objects
- the meaning of vectors, scalars and their properties
- the role of scalar and vector products in physics
- the basics of differentiation and integration
- the notions of displacement and distance and their variation with time
- the notions of speed, velocity, acceleration and their graphs.
- the notion of relative velocity
- kinematic equations of motion for constant acceleration
- analysis of various types of motion of objects under gravitational force
- radians and degrees
- uniform circular motion, centripetal acceleration and centripetal force.
Laws of motion
- Newton’s laws
- logical connection between laws of Newton
- free body diagram and related problems
- law of conservation of momentum
- role of frictional forces
- centripetal and centrifugal forces
- origin of centrifugal force
Work, Energy and Power
- definition of work
- work done by a constant and a variable force
- various types of energy
- law of conservation of energy
- vertical circular motion
- definition of power
- various types of collisions
Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Bodies
- relevance of the centre of mass in various systems of particles
- torque and angular momentum in rotational motion
- types of equilibria with appropriate examples
- moment of inertia of different rigid bodies
- dynamics of rotation of rigid bodies
- distinguishing translational motion from rotational motion
- rolling motion, slipping and sliding motions.
Physics Volume-2
Gravitation
- Kepler’s laws for planetary motion
- Newton’s law of gravitation
- connection between Kepler’s laws and law of gravitation
- calculation of gravitational field and potential
- calculation of variation of acceleration due to gravity
- calculation of escape speed and energy of satellites
- concept of weightlessness
- advantage of heliocentric system over geocentric system
- measurement of the radius of Earth using Eratosthenes method
- recent developments in gravitation and astrophysics
Properties of Matter
- inter atomic or intermolecular forces in matter
- stress, strain and elastic modulus
- surface tension
- viscosity
- properties of fl uids and their applications
Heat and Thermodynamics
- meaning of heat, work and temperature
- ideal gas laws
- concept of specific heat capacity
- thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
- various states of matter
- Newton’s law of cooling
- Stefan’s law and Wien’s law
- meaning of thermodynamic equilibrium
- meaning of internal energy
- zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics
- various thermodynamic processes
- work done in various thermodynamic processes
- second law of thermodynamics
- working of carnot engine and refrigerator
Kinetic Theory of Gases
- necessity of kinetic theory of gases
- the microscopic origin of pressure and temperature
- correlate the internal energy of the gas and translational kinetic energy of gas molecules
- meaning of degrees of freedom
- calculate the total degrees of freedom for mono atomic, diatomic and triatomic molecules
- law of equipartition of energy
- calculation of the ratio of CP and CV
- mean free path and its dependence with pressure, temperature and number density
- Brownian motion and its microscopic origin
Oscillations
- oscillatory motion – periodic motion and non-periodic motion
- simple harmonic motion
- angular harmonic motion
- linear harmonic oscillator – both horizontal and vertical
- combination of springs – series and parallel
- simple pendulum
- expression of energy – potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy
- graphical representation of simple harmonic motion
- types of oscillation – free, damped, maintained and forced oscillations
- concept of resonance
Waves
- waves and their types (transverse and longitudinal)
- basic terms like wavelength, frequency, time period and amplitude of a wave
- velocity of transverse waves and longitudinal waves
- velocity of sound waves
- refl ection of sound waves from plane and curved surfaces and its applications
- progressive waves and their graphical representation
- superposition principle, interference of waves, beats and standing waves
- characteristics of stationary waves, sonometer
- fundamental frequency, harmonics and overtones
- intensity and loudness
- vibration of air column – closed organ pipe, open organ pipe and resonance air column
- Doppler eff ect and its applications
